Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder (neurological disorder) in which nerve cell activity in the brain becomes disrupted, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations and sometimes loss of consciousness (Mayo Clinic). Seizure symptoms can vary widely, from low to high intensity. Difficulty breathing and temporary confusion, are also symptoms related to epilepsy.
Who gets affected by epilepsy and what are the causes?
People of any age can get affected by epilepsy, especially if there is any structural brain lesion. It is, however, more common in young children and older people. The disorder can be developed through life or be present since birth. Car accidents, falling, gun shots, pregnancy complications and emotional issues can affect or cause epilepsy. Additional factors such as health conditions, age, and race can make its development more likely. For example, it is more common in people with Hispanic backgrounds.
How is epigenetics involved in epilepsy?
The methylation hypothesis of epileptogenesis (development and progression of epilepsy) suggests that changes in DNA methylation are implicated in the progression of the disease. In particular, global DNA hypermethylation appears to be associated with chronic epilepsy (Boison, 2016).
Can it be treated or cured?
Currently, there are no cures for epilepsy, but instead the seizures and symptoms are controlled by specific medications. Fortunately, epigenetic influences in epilepsy are being studied, and since epigenetic changes are reversible, there may be an answer in the near future.
For more information,
http://perspectivesinmedicine.cshlp.org/content/5/12/a022731.long
